Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Candida albicans : The Ability to Invade Epithelial Cells and Survive under Oxidative Stress Is Unlinked to Hyphal Length

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01235

Figure Lengend Snippet: C. albicans SC5314 strain induced host cell biphasic ERK 1/2 activation and cortactin phosphorylation by SFKs. HeLa cells were incubated with blastospores from the SC5314 strain for the indicated time points. After incubation, HeLa cells were harvested, lysed, and their protein lysates separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and analyzed by Western blot using the indicated antibodies. The SC5314 strain induced (A) a biphasic activation of host ERK 1/2 (the other isolates did not, not shown) and also (B) the phosphorylation of cortactin (pCort [Y466]) by SFKs. These are representative observations from at least three independent experiments. SC5314, 997,5 g, oral L3837 and blood L3881 isolates induced host cell signaling activation. HeLa cells were incubated with blastospores from four C. albicans isolates for the indicated time points. After incubation, HeLa cells were harvested, lysed, and SFK and cortactin activation were analyzed by Western blot using the indicated antibodies. Cortactin, SFKs and actin have different molecular weights (80–85, 60, and 45 kDa, respectively), thus the nitrocellulose membrane was cut into three horizontal strips, blocked and each strip was incubated with anti-pY466 cortactin, anti-pY416 SFK or anti-actin. (C) pSFK (Y416) and (D) pCort (Y466), cortactin phosphorylated by Src at the Y 466 residue. Actin was used for protein loading normalization. Actin labeling is duplicated in (C,D) . pSFK/Act = densitometric rate of pSFK over actin. pCort/Act = densitometric rate of pCort over actin. These are representative observations from at least three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Rabbit anti-pT202/Y204 ERK1/2 (#9101S) and rabbit anti-pY416 SFK (#2101S) were obtained from Cell Signaling, Beverly, MA, USA.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Incubation, Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, SDS Page, Western Blot, Membrane, Stripping Membranes, Residue, Labeling

Journal: The Journal of Cell Biology

Article Title: Intramembrane binding of VE-cadherin to VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 assembles the endothelial mechanosensory complex

doi: 10.1083/jcb.201408103

Figure Lengend Snippet: VEcad TMD in flow signaling. (A) Requirement for VEcad. HUVECS were infected with scrambled or anti-VEcad shRNA-containing lentiviruses then subjected to 12 dynes/cm 2 laminar shear for 1 min. Activation of SFKs (SFK pY416 , ∼55 kD) and VEGFR2 (VEGFR2 pY1175 , ∼250 and 220 kD) were assayed by immunoblotting, with actin as a loading control. (B) VEcad TMD requirement for VEGFR activation. VEcad −/− cells reconstituted with VEcad WT , Ncad VE-TMD , Ncad WT , and VEcad N-TMD were subjected to laminar shear stress for 1 min, then VEGFR2 activation was assayed as in A. (C) VEcad requirement for PI3K signaling. Cells were subjected to laminar shear stress, then p85 immunoprecipitated and immunoblotted with anti-p85 pY458 antibody. Values beneath each panel indicate phosphorylation relative to cells without flow, quantified by densitometry with total p85 serving as a loading control. For all panels, values are means ± SEM, n = 3. IB, immunoblotting.

Article Snippet: Other phospho-antibodies used for immunoblotting include rabbit anti-SFK pY416 (#6943; Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti-p85 pY458 (#4228; Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti-Akt pS473 (700392; Invitrogen), and rabbit ant-p65 pS536 (#3033; Cell Signaling Technology).

Techniques: Infection, shRNA, Shear, Activation Assay, Western Blot, Control, Immunoprecipitation, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Life Science Alliance

Article Title: Tyrosine phosphorylation of lamin A by Src promotes disassembly of nuclear lamina in interphase

doi: 10.26508/lsa.202101120

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with (+) or without (−) 50 nM dasatinib for 1 h and then lysed. Equal amounts of the whole cell lysates (WCLs) were incubated with anti-lamin A/C or pre-immune serum (IgG) as the control. The immunonocomplexes were analyzed by immunoblotting (IB) with anti-PY or anti-lamin A/C antibodies. An equal amount of WCLs was analyzed by immunoblotting with anti-Src, anti-Src pY416, or anti-actin. The tyrosine phosphorylation of lamin A was quantified and expressed as -fold relative to the level of MCF7 without dasatinib. (B) MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with (+) or without (−) 50 nM dasatinib for 1 h. The cells were fixed and stained for lamin A, lamin B1, and DNA. Representative images are shown. Scale bars, 10 μm. The nuclear circularity (4π × area/perimeter 2 ) was determined. The P -values were calculated from at least 150 cells pooled from three independent experiments. The percentage of the cells with nuclear lobulation was measured (n ≥ 400). The values (mean ± SD) are from three experiments. *** P < 0.001. (C) MDA-MB-231 cells were infected with lentivirues capable of expressing FLAG-lamin A or the mutants (Y45F and Y45D) and selected in the medium with neomycin (neo). An equal amount of WCLs was analyzed by immunoblotting (IB) with antibodies as indicated. (D) The cells as described in panel C were fixed and stained for FLAG-lamin A, lamin B1, and DNA. Representative images are shown. Scale bars, 10 μm. The percentage of the cells with nuclear lobulation was measured (n ≥ 900). Values (means ± SD) are from three experiments. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. Source data are available for this figure.

Article Snippet: The rabbit polyclonal anti-Src pY416 (MAB2685) antibody was purchased from R&D Systems.

Techniques: Incubation, Control, Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics, Staining, Infection, Expressing

Journal: Environmental toxicology

Article Title: Gallic acid attenuates metastatic potential of human colorectal cancer cells through the miR-1247-3p-modulated integrin/FAK axis.

doi: 10.1002/tox.24087

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 5 Involvement of miR-1247-3p in the Gallic acid (GA)-inhibited integrin/FAK cascade in DLD-1 cells. Cells were treated with 90 μM GA for 24 h, lysed for total RNA extraction, and subjected to (A) miRNA expression profiling assay via microarray analysis or (B) quantitative analysis of the miRNAs via qPCR. miRNAs with up- and downregulation in response to GA were labeled with red and green, respectively. (C) Cells were transfected with control vector (Ctl-miR) or anti-miR-1247-3p (anti-miR), treated with GA for 24 h, and subjected to the assessment of integrins, FAK, and paxillin by Western blot. Densitometric analysis was performed for semi-quantitation of signals. The tubulin signal was used as internal control. Average signal ratios of phosphorylated protein/total protein compared with the control were indicated.

Article Snippet: Antibodies specifically recognizing human tubulin (SC-134237), integrin αV (SC-376156), integrin β3(SC-365679), focal adhesion kinase (FAK, SC-271126), phosphorylated FAK (pY397-FAK, SC-81493), paxillin (SC-136297), phosphorylated paxillin (pY118-Paxillin, SC-365020), Src (SC-32789), phosphorylated Src (pY416-Src, SC-24621, and CS#2101), and peroxidase-conjugated antibodies against mouse IgG or rabbit IgG were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (CA, USA).

Techniques: RNA Extraction, Expressing, Microarray, Labeling, Transfection, Control, Plasmid Preparation, Western Blot, Quantitation Assay

Journal: Environmental toxicology

Article Title: Gallic acid attenuates metastatic potential of human colorectal cancer cells through the miR-1247-3p-modulated integrin/FAK axis.

doi: 10.1002/tox.24087

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 4 Gallic acid (GA) reduced integrin expression and inhibited FAK/Paxillin/Src and PI3K/AKT signaling in DLD-1 cells. Cells were treated with GA at the indicated concentrations for 24 h; collected; and lysed for the immunodetection of (A) integrins and the associated signaling proteins, (B) phosphor-paxillin and Src, and (C) PI3K, phosphor-AKT, and AKT via Western blot. Semi-quantitation of signals was conducted by densitometric analysis. DMSO treatment was used as control (C). Densitometric analysis was performed for the semi-quantitation of signals. The tubulin signal was used as internal control. Average signal ratios of phosphorylated protein/total protein compared with the control were indicated.

Article Snippet: Antibodies specifically recognizing human tubulin (SC-134237), integrin αV (SC-376156), integrin β3(SC-365679), focal adhesion kinase (FAK, SC-271126), phosphorylated FAK (pY397-FAK, SC-81493), paxillin (SC-136297), phosphorylated paxillin (pY118-Paxillin, SC-365020), Src (SC-32789), phosphorylated Src (pY416-Src, SC-24621, and CS#2101), and peroxidase-conjugated antibodies against mouse IgG or rabbit IgG were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (CA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunodetection, Western Blot, Quantitation Assay, Control

Journal: Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: The Pattern of Enhancement of Src Kinase Activity on Platelet-derived Growth Factor Stimulation of Glioblastoma Cells Is Affected by the Integrin Engaged

doi: 10.1074/jbc.m304685200

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 9. PDGF stimulation results in Fyn activation in U-87MG cells adherent to laminin. A and B, serum-starved U-87MG cells were harvested with buffered EDTA, resuspended in serum-free media and plated onto laminin (LM) or collagen (COL)-coated plates (5 h), and then stimulated with 83 pM PDGF or vehicle (10 min, 37 °C, 5% CO2), lysed, 300 g of lysate immunoprecipitated with the antibody indicated, the immunoprecipitates subjected to SDS-PAGE, transferred to Immo- bilon and blotted with anti-Src[pY416] IgG (A), stripped, and reprobed with anti-Lyn IgG or anti-Fyn IgG (B). C and D, U-87MG cells were harvested and resuspended as in Fig. 1, incubated with 20 g/ml neutralizing anti-integrin antibody (20 min, 22 °C), and then plated onto a 96-well plate previously coated with collagen or laminin and allowed to attach for 60 min (37 °C, 5% CO2). Wells were washed two times with PBS, the cells harvested with trypsin and counted in a scintillation counter. Attachment to ovalbumin was subtracted. Condi- tions were assayed in replicas of five and the data analyzed and pre- sented as the mean S.E. The experiment was repeated two times.

Article Snippet: The following rabbit antibodies were purchased: anti-phosphospecific Src [pY416] IgG (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) (detects only activated Src), anti-phosphospecific Src[pY418] IgG (BioSource International) (detects only activated Src), anti-FAK (focal adhesion kinase) IgG (Upstate Biotechnology Inc.), anti-phosphospecific FAK(pY397) IgG (BioSource International), anti-PDGFr IgG (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.), anti-PDGFr IgG (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.), and anti-PDGFr IgG that recognizes both receptor forms (Upstate Biotechnology Inc.).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Immunoprecipitation, SDS Page, Incubation